Linux performance test UnixBench one-click script

 

UnixBench is a performance testing tool for unix-like (Unix, BSD, Linux) systems, an open source tool, which is widely used to test the performance of linux system hosts. The main test items of Unixbench include: system call, read and write, process, graphical test, 2D, 3D, pipeline, operation, C library and other system benchmark performance to provide test data.

The latest version of UnixBench5.1.3 includes system and graphic tests. If you need to test graphics, you need to modify the Makefile, do not comment out "GRAPHIC_TESTS = defined", and the system needs to provide the x11perf command gl_glibs library.
The script below uses the latest version of UnixBench 5.1.3 to test, annotated the test items about graphics (most VPSs do not have a graphics card or an integrated display, so there is no need to test the graphics performance), after running for 10-30 minutes (according to the CPU core Quantity, operation time varies) to get a score, the higher the better.

testing method:

wget --no-check-certificate https://github.com/teddysun/across/raw/master/unixbench.sh
chmod +x unixbench.sh
./unixbench.sh _

Test item:
Dhrystone 2 using register variables
This item is used to test string handling, because there is no floating-point operation, it is deeply involved in software and hardware design (hardware and software design), compilation and linking (compiler and linker options), code optimization (code Optimazaton), the impact on memory cache (cache memory), wait states (wait states), and integer data types (integer data types).

Double-Precision Whetstone
This one tests the speed and efficiency of floating-point operations. This test consists of several modules, each of which includes a set of operations for scientific computing. A wide range of c functions: sin, cos, sqrt, exp, log are used for integer and floating-point mathematical operations, array access, conditional branch (conditional branch) and program calls. This test tests both integer and floating-point arithmetic operations.

Execl Throughput
This test examines the number of execl system calls that can be executed per second. The execl system call is a member of the exec family of functions. It is a front end to the execve() function, like some other commands like it.

File copy
tests the rate at which data is transferred from one file to another. Each test uses a different size buffer. This test for file read, write, and copy operations counts the number of file read, write, and copy operations within the specified time (default is 10s).

Pipe Throughput
(pipe) is the simplest way to communicate between processes. Pipe throughput here refers to the number of times a process can write 512 bytes of data to a pipe in one second and then read it back. It should be noted that pipe throughtput has no corresponding real existence in actual programming.

Pipe-based Context Switching
This tests the number of times two processes (per second) exchange an ever-increasing integer through a pipe. This point is very similar to some applications in real programming. This test program first creates a sub-process, and then performs two-way pipeline transmission with this sub-process.

Process Creation
tests the number of times a process can create a child process and then withdraw the child process per second (the child process must exit immediately). The focus of process creation is the creation and memory allocation of the new process process control block (process control block), that is, the focus on memory bandwidth. In general, this test is used to compare different implementations of the operating system process creation system call.

System Call Overhead
tests the cost of entering and leaving the operating system kernel, that is, the cost of a system call. It does this with a small program that repeatedly calls the getpid function.

Shell Scripts
tests the number of times a process can concurrently start n copies of a shell script within one second, and n generally takes the value of 1, 2, 4, and 8. (I take 1, 8 when testing). This script performs a series of transformations on a data file.

The following is the running score of a 512MB, 2-core, OpenVZ VPS of mine:

BYTE    UNIX Benchmarks ( Version 5.1.3 ) _ 
   System: vpn: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 2.6.32-042stab076.8 -- # 1 SMP Tue May 14 20:38:14 MSK 2013
   Machine: i686 ( i386 ) 
   Language: en_US.utf8 ( charmap = "UTF-8" , collate= "UTF-8" ) 
   CPU 0 : Intel ( R ) Xeon ( R ) CPU L5520 @ 2.27GHz ( 4533.6 bogomips ) 
          Hyper-Threading, x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET, Intel virtualization
   CPU 1 : Intel ( R ) Xeon ( R ) CPU L5520 @ 2.27 GHz ( 4533.6 bogomips ) 
          Hyper-Threading, x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET, Intel virtualization
   09 : 41 : 17 up 31 days,   9 : 21 ,   1 user, load average: 0.23 , 0.05 , 0.02 ; runlevel 3
-------------------------------------------------- ----------------------
Benchmark Run: Mon Jul 29 2013 09 : 41 : 17 - 10 : 09 : 29  
2 CPUs in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests
Dhrystone 2 using register variables        17172222.3 lps ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )    
Double-Precision Whetstone                      2600.2 MWIPS ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )  
Execl Throughput                                4152.8 lps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )    
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks         622759.5 KBps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )   
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           172634.3 KBps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )   
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        1218236.9 KBps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )   
Pipe Throughput                              1416230.5 lps ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )    
Pipe-based Context Switching                  206509.4 lps ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )    
Process Creation                                8568.6 lps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )    
Shell Scripts ( 1 concurrent ) 3145.9 lpm ( 60.0 s, 2 samples )                        
Shell Scripts ( 8 concurrent ) 528.3 lpm ( 60.0 s, 2 samples )                         
System Call Overhead                         1528474.7 lps ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )    
System Benchmarks Index Values ​​BASELINE RESULT INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables          116700.0 17172222.3 1471.5      
Double-Precision Whetstone                        55.0 2600.2 472.8           
Execl Throughput                                  43.0 4152.8 965.8           
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks           3960.0 622759.5 1572.6        
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks             1655.0 172634.3 1043.1        
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks           5800.0 1218236.9 2100.4       
Pipe Throughput                                12440.0 1416230.5 1138.4       
Pipe-based Context Switching                    4000.0 206509.4 516.3         
Process Creation                                 126.0 8568.6 680.0           
Shell Scripts ( 1 concurrent ) 42.4 3145.9 742.0                                 
Shell Scripts ( 8 concurrent ) 6.0 528.3 880.5                                   
System Call Overhead                           15000.0 1528474.7 1019.0       
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                          960.4
-------------------------------------------------- ----------------------
Benchmark Run: Mon Jul 29 2013 10 : 09 : 29 - 10 : 39 : 56  
2 CPUs in system; running 2 parallel copies of tests
Dhrystone 2 using register variables        16851634.7 lps ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )    
Double-Precision Whetstone                      5182.9 MWIPS ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )  
Execl Throughput                                4101.9 lps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )    
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks         635244.9 KBps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )   
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           174430.2 KBps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )   
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        1219982.0 KBps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )   
Pipe Throughput                              1387297.9 lps ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )    
Pipe-based Context Switching                  196296.1 lps ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )    
Process Creation                               10889.9 lps ( 30.0 s, 2 samples )    
Shell Scripts ( 1 concurrent ) 4073.7 lpm ( 60.0 s, 2 samples )                        
Shell Scripts ( 8 concurrent ) 550.5 lpm ( 60.2 s, 2 samples )                         
System Call Overhead                         1538517.4 lps ( 10.0 s, 7 samples )    
System Benchmarks Index Values ​​BASELINE RESULT INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables          116700.0 16851634.7 1444.0      
Double-Precision Whetstone                        55.0 5182.9 942.3           
Execl Throughput                                  43.0 4101.9 953.9           
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks           3960.0 635244.9 1604.2        
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks             1655.0 174430.2 1054.0        
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks           5800.0 1219982.0 2103.4       
Pipe Throughput                                12440.0 1387297.9 1115.2       
Pipe-based Context Switching                    4000.0 196296.1 490.7         
Process Creation                                 126.0 10889.9 864.3          
Shell Scripts ( 1 concurrent ) 42.4 4073.7 960.8                                 
Shell Scripts ( 8 concurrent ) 6.0 550.5 917.5                                   
System Call Overhead                           15000.0 1538517.4 1025.7       
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         1058.3

Debian/Ubuntu system enables root remote login

 

Debian first connects to SSH with a common account and switches root login

are -

Ubuntu uses

sudo -i

Install basic software to execute code

apt install sudo vim curl wget -y

cat >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config << EOFPermitRootLogin yesPasswordAuthentication yesEOFsystemctl restart sshd

Close the tutorial on weather, news and information on the task bar in the lower right corner of windows

 How to turn off the weather in the lower right corner of windows? I believe that many users who use Windows have a problem, that is, the weather information in the lower right corner of the desktop. I don’t know how to turn it off. Let’s take a look below

　　Some users who frequently update the windows system find that after a certain update, there will be an additional weather icon in the lower right corner of the taskbar. But some users don't want to show this weather icon. Recently, many friends have installed the latest windows system, and many friends have updated the system after installation, and found that there is an extra weather in the lower right corner of their computer, so how to turn off this weather? This function is the latest function that Microsoft currently pushes for users. Currently, the version of Win10 21H1/20H2/2004 has received this update. Please refer to the figure below for the specific closing method.

Method 1: Close through settings

　　1. First, we right-click on the blank space of the taskbar to open the menu of the taskbar.

2. In the menu of the taskbar, we can find the column [Information and Interests], which is the weather in the lower right corner of my computer.

　3. Hover the mouse over the [Information and Interest] column, and the setting options will appear. If the user needs to close it, just click [Close] with the left mouse button.

Method 2: Completely close by making a bat file.

　　1. First, we need to create a blank document file by right-clicking on the blank space on the desktop.

2. Enter the following code:

@Echo Off::Win10_21H1 turn off the weather and news in the lower right corner ( default 0 , turn off 2 ) reg add "HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Feeds" "ShellFeedsTaskbarViewMode" /t REG_DWORD /d "2" /f > nul 2 > nultaskkill /im "StartMenuExperienceHost.exe" /f > nul 2 > nul 

　3. Save the document file, and change the file extension to 【.bat】.

　4. After double-clicking to run the bat file, restart the system, and you will find that the [Information and Interest] function has completely disappeared.

Method 3: Uninstall the update patch

　　1. Open our menu and find Settings.

2. In Settings, find [Update and Security] and click to enter.

3. Find our [View update history] in [Windows Update] in the settings, and click to enter.

4. After entering [View Update History], click our [Uninstall Update].

5. Then, just uninstall the recently installed update patch!

free PHP space collection and free virtual host

 A friend left a message and recommended some free space to me. I found that many friends really have a "need" for free space, so this article specially collects and organizes a batch of reliable free space for everyone to use.

There are a lot of free spaces on the market, but there are only a small number of free spaces that are easy to use and worthy of long-term collection, and there are still various problems in the free space, such as some free spaces will delete accounts without reason, and some free spaces cannot be bound. Fixed domain name, some free space will be forced to add advertisements...so everyone must keep their eyes open when choosing free space.

PS: Update record.

1. Summary of free space

name	Types of	capacity	flow	operate	engine room	tutorial
freehostia.com	PHP	250M	6G	>10 years	United States	no yet
alwaysdata.com	PHP	100M	1G	>10 years	United States	no yet
000webhost	PHP	300M	3G	>10 years	United States	no yet
Freehosting.com	PHP	1G	1G	>10 years	United States	no yet
Xrea	PHP	1G	1G	>10 years	Japan	Xrea space
Award Space	PHP	250M	5G	>10 years	United States	no yet
Byet.host	PHP	1G	50G	>10 years	United States	no yet
FreeWebHostingArea	PHP	1.5G	unlimited	>10 years	United States	no yet
Infinity Free	PHP	unlimited	unlimited	>2 years	United States	no yet
Vercel.c om	static	unlimited	unlimited	>3 years	United States	Vercel space
Netlify.com	static	unlimited	unlimited	>3 years	United States	no yet
Render.com	static	unlimited	100G	>1 year	United States	no yet
Cloudflare Workers	js	1G	limit request	>2 years	United States	Workers application
Cloudflare Pages	static	unlimited	unlimited	>1 year	United States	no yet
GitHub Pages	static	1G	100G	>10 years	United States	no yet
Gitlab.com	static	5G	10G	>5 years	United States	no yet
Oracle	VPS	100G	unlimited	>3 years	America and Japan	Oracle
Azure	VPS	64G	unlimited	>5 years	countries	Microsoft Azure
AWS	VPS	5G	unlimited	>10 years	countries	Amazon EC2

2. How to use free space

There is no such thing as a free lunch! Remember to back up your website more!